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Symptoms of disease - violation of the tempo of speech

The tempo of speech is one of the expressive means of oral speech, it depends both on the speed of pronouncing the following one another in a speech sounds, and because of the frequency and duration of the pauses between words and sentences.

Normally speaking man says in one second from 9 to 14 sounds, and speed up tempo of speech is possible utterance of 15-20 sounds in the second, but the pronunciation does not lose its clarity and intelligibility.

Violation of the tempo of speech - it is the excessive deceleration of speech and the same acceleration of it. Most of the children in the preschool age say quickly; this may be explained by the fact that they are still weak inhibitory processes and control for his speech. If the family is prevalent fast, hurried speech, the rapid tempo of speech becomes habitual; in the transitional age he has a tendency to still be intensified; children, neurotics fast paced speech gives rise to a stuttering.

In the process of the development of speech fast paced way of speech additional and can lead to a consolidation of the children's wrong pronunciation and General carelessness in his speech.

Tachylogia - pathologically accelerated pace of speech, in which instead of 10-12 sounds in the second pronounced 20-30. It differs frantic haste. In haste may appear disorders of speech attention, hesitation, repetition, swallowing, permutations of syllables, words, unclear pronunciation of phrases... But at attraction of attention to the speech of hesitation disappears.

Depending on the situation of speech communication is changing the degree of severity of symptoms. The greatest difficulties are tested in vital situations, dealing with authoritarian people, in unfamiliar surroundings, in moments of excitement, the dispute.

Tachylogia is often accompanied by violations of the total motor skills, mental processes, the emotional-volitional sphere, the autonomic nervous system. Why the overcoming of tachylogia should start with the normalization of the General movements: slowing down their pace, training coordination, formation of rhythms, smooth running.

The reasons and mechanisms of tachylogia carefully examined, since it is a violation may be the cause of the stuttering. D. Weiss believes accelerated speech organically stemming from the violation of the Central speech of the mechanism. Significant role in this he gives heredity and also points to a genetic relationship between accelerated speech with stuttering. M. Zeeman in 1950, expressed the opinion that Express it occurs when the wrong function symptomatic of the system.

M. E. Hvatsev the main cause of tachylogia considered innate speech motor lack of speech, as well as sloppy, uneven speech of others, a lack of attention and timely correction of fast speech of the child. A. Lybmann see the shortcomings of the engine and the acoustic perception, lying in the basis of tachylogia. Mr.. Gutsman argued that this disorder is a result of violations of perception. According to the er. Freshels, fast speech is due to the fact that the thoughts running through very quickly and one concept wipe out the following earlier than the first can be uttered. M. Nedoleshnyi considered the cause of accelerated speech lack of articulation, as patients are experiencing difficulties with pronunciation unusual and long words.

Voice symptoms tachylogia is characterized by the following features: an abnormally fast rate (instead of 10-12 sounds in the second pronounced 20-30) speech without drastic distortion of phonetics and syntax. It differs frantic haste. In haste may appear disorders of speech attention, hesitation, repetition, swallowing, permutations of syllables, words, distortion of proposals, unclear pronunciation of phrases, etc. At attraction of attention to the speech of the suffering tachylogia is rapid restoration of balance between internal and external speech, although the pace of her remains fast in comparison with the speech of others, promptly disappear. M. Zeeman highlights the symptoms tachylogia interverbal acceleration (acceleration of the pace of speech), which manifests itself in the polysyllabic words, long sentences and long communication texts. A long word or phrase, the name of several words, etc. are pronounced so rapidly that of verbal clutter fall out certain syllables, distorted sounds because of inaccurate and fast articulatory movements. Interverbal acceleration can be explained by the fact that during the construction speech temporarily turns off the regulating influence of the cerebral cortex in the course of the speech.

Along with the violation of foreign speech are similar disorders of inner speech, reading and writing. In the memory of man comes to the desired word, but it immediately, even before pronouncing, wipe out the other. In the letter and in the reading of the observed replacement, rearranging letters, sounds, syllables. Whole words to be replaced by other, related in sound or in writing.

The man with the tachylogia disrupted the pace of common movements: movements quick and fast (fast walking, quick start and stop, hyperactivity, ticks). Engine concern is observed even during sleep (children are tossing in bed). Attention unstable, strong from object to object increased, the lack of visual, auditory and motor memory. The thoughts faster than the ability of its articulatory clearance. Children with tachylogia hot-tempered, easily excitable. At the time of excitation appear vasomotor reactions; redness of the face, ears, the appearance of sweat on the face, cold and sweating of the hands. Children become emotionally unstable and unruly. Fast it produces in unknown adverse impression, and that reflects on the further life of the child, the formation of his personality.

Bradyarthria - unnaturally slow pace of speech, reading and writing, monotonous voice, long pauses between words, a sprawling pronunciation of speech sounds.

Bradyarthria can be an independent violation of the tempo of speech, and also be observed in the clinic of some forms of mental illness: with mental retardation, in the neurological clinic in patients with consequences of meningoencephalitis, dystrophic, organic diseases of the Central nervous system, injuries, brain tumors, etc. In these cases, it is combined with bradykinesia (slowness all movements) asthenia, total defiance, lethargy, weakness, etc.

As an independent violation of the bradyarthria occurs most often in persons phlegmatic, slow, slow. Similar to bradyarthria features of speech is observed among the residents of the Nordic countries, where they are the most common form of speech.

Voice response (symptoms) bradyarthria diverse: slowness of pace external (expressive) and inner speech, slowness of processes of reading and writing, monotonous voice, inter - and interverbal deceleration (elongation of the pauses between words or slow, a sprawling pronunciation of speech sounds and elongation of the pauses between the sounds of the words).

Sounds and words change each other less rapidly than in normal conditions, although the form correctly. If syllables are separated by short pauses, then it becomes chant. May be violated articulating sounds, but does not upset the coordination of syllables or words.

When bradyarthria voice monotone, loses modulation, keeps always the same height, sometimes a nasal tone. Musical accent is changing and with pronunciation of separate syllables, the height of the vote vary upwards or downwards.

Children with bradyarthria pronounce the phrase with pauses between words, stretching out the syllables on the vowels sounds, blurring the articulation. Such a speech unaesthetic and prevents communication with others, so as causes them stress and depletion of attention, discomfort and fatigue.

The above symptoms are observed in various forms of self-speech: in the dialogue, the retelling of the picture and on a series of paintings, the retelling of the text of a story on the topic, reading. The visual perception of the text is not conducive to the normalization of the tempo of speech when reading. Children pronounce the words correctly, but slowly. Also slowly they keep a record of the words and the more phrases.

Gestural symptoms when bradyarthria is expressed in violations of the total motor skills, fine motor skills of hands, fingers, facial muscles. The slow movement, sluggish, insufficiently coordinated, incomplete in terms of volume, there is motor awkwardness. Amimisches Gesicht. The features and mental activity: slowness and frustration of perception, attention, memory, thinking. Focusing on a single subject, children with difficulty to switch to another. Perceiving step, do it not at once, but after a few repetitions. There is a tendency to stereotype, perseveration, violations orientation.

In low-intensity bradyarthria the voice and stresses the symptoms of the children themselves neglected. In more severe cases there is awareness of the violations of speech and the associated psychological experiences.

Stutter (logoneurosis), i.e. violation of the rhythm, tempo and smoothness of the speech due to a decline of various groups of muscles that form the soundtrack of speech (expressive language) is one of the most common disorders in childhood and adolescence (from 70-90% of patients it begins in 2-4 years of age, i.e. at the moment of formation of the speech).

Which diseases there is violation of the tempo of speech

The reasons for violations of the tempo of speech:
Allocate the prenatal (perinatal), pathological damage at birth (Natal complications) and the impact of harmful factors after birth (postpartum complications). Intrauterine violations are caused by diseases of the mother during pregnancy, rhesus or immunological conflict, drug, drugs, alcohol, Smoking, and the action of ionizing radiation, as well as a number of production factors (vibration, microwave, etc.). Natal pathology occurs at prolonged or rapid delivery, a tight entwining the umbilical cord, caesarean section, wrong position of the fetus.

Which doctor should I contact if there is a violation of the tempo of speech

ENT

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Do you feel disrupted tempo of speech? You should be very careful approach to your health in general. People pay not enough attention to the symptoms of the disease and don't realize that these diseases can be critically dangerous. There are many diseases that in the beginning didn't manifest in our body, but in the end it turns out, unfortunately, it have already been treated too late. Every disease has its own specific features typical symptoms - called symptoms of the disease. Definition of symptoms is the first step in the diagnosis of diseases in general. You just need a few times a year to be screened by a doctor, not only to prevent a terrible disease, but also to maintain a healthy spirit in a body and the organism in general.

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