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Symptoms of disease - violation of the menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle is a physiological process, which is characterized by cyclic changes in the nervous and hormonal systems, as well as the genitals of the woman. All the changes in the body during the menstrual cycle in command of the brain, in which are located the bodies (the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland secretes hormones.

The hypothalamus acts on the pituitary gland and pituitary - ovaries, this stand of hormones that affect the growth and maturation of the follicle, which is developing the egg, and promote ovulation (output Mature egg in the fallopian tube).
The ripening follicle grows and produces the female sex hormone estrogen. When he is torn, the egg enters the fallopian tube to connect there with sperm. The outer shell of the egg becomes yellow color (yellow body) and begins to produce the female sex hormone, progesterone. Estrogen and progesterone, getting into the blood, and prepare an organism for a possible pregnancy.

Today the menstrual cycle disorders are one of the most common gynecological abnormalities. Often disorders of the menstrual cycle - the indicator of the failures in the work of the body, so for a woman it is very important not to delay the visit to a doctor. The source of violations of the cycle is changing hormonal levels, and it is not necessary that the deviation was due to sexual hormones: the reason can «hide» in the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, the pituitary gland.

There are several types of breaches of the cycle:

Amenorrhea is the absence of a milf, most vividly expressed deviation;
Spanomenorrhea - change the frequency of the menstrual cycle, rare or scarce milf;
Dysmenorrhea - irregular cycle;
Menorrhagia - abundant during the milf;
Polymenorrhea - frequent milf, with an interval of less than 25 days;
Algodismenorrhea - milf painful.

Which diseases there is violation of the menstrual cycle

Painful milf (dysmenorrhea)
Manifestations of
In the norm of the menstruation or does not cause any feelings, or accompanied by minor pulling pain in the lower abdomen that does not violate the normal way of life.

Some females during menstrual periods can be quite severe pain in the lower abdomen, back in the rectum or in the thigh. The reason may be as anatomical, and the functional characteristics of an organism of the woman.

The intensity of the pain is estimated:
- by the degree of incapacity for work: inability to perform normal work, sit in the classroom, the need to lie;
- by the amount of pain pills and/or injections.

The pain, breaking the usual way of life requires treatment to the doctor. The menstrual calendar to celebrate the days of pain and their intensity. And again, there is no evil without good: painful milf is an absolute indicator of the ovulatory menstrual cycle, when they have no other reasons.

Interestingly, women who do not know problems with menstruation, often instead of sympathy can show irritation and almost reproaches in the simulation person who suffers from menstrual pain. But the sympathy and concern of friends, teachers, relatives in such cases, it is particularly important!

What is the psychological menstrual pain?
The pain resulting from the functional changes in the Central nervous system, sometimes as a result of threatened by fear of menstruation.

Unfortunately, older women often find great pleasure in the fact, to scare teenagers horrible stories from his menstrual" experience. These untrue stories form the girls fear expectations, which, in turn, paints a new experience in the black color. In other words, many of the negative feelings from the first and subsequent menstruation are infusion. But also it was easy to convince quite different, just the opposite perception of age-related physiological changes. Once again we emphasize - positive psychological attitude of girls before the first menstruation plays an extremely important role in its subsequent "women's" life.

On the psychological nature of menstrual pain indicates the inability to determine the cause, in spite of the thorough examination, and bad effects from pain medications. Such patients should be observed at psychoneurologists with the goal of removing the "installation" on pain menstrual days.

How to define and classify the absence, termination and/or rare milf?
"Rare milf" (oligomenorrhea) - is a violation of milf with delays from 35 days to 6 months.
"The lack of a" milf (amenorrhea) - is the lack of milf over 6 months.

Distinguish between primary and secondary amenorrhea:
- primary amenorrhea is observed when the women over the age of 16-18 years menstruation never been;
- secondary amenorrhea - milf used to, but then stopped.

What are the main reasons oligomenorrhea and/or amenorrhea?
Let's remind, that the reproductive system of women consists of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland (brain), the ovaries and the uterus. Changes in any of the bodies may lead to oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea. General reasons of change of structure (anatomy) of the bodies: the tumor, inflammation, trauma, bleeding from the violation of nutrition of the body, excessive bleeding during delivery and post-abortion and etc.

In some cases, when it is not possible to detect anatomical changes, talk about functional. It is supposed, that the basis of such changes are biochemical disturbances, the result of which is the violation of the production of hormones.

Unfortunately, the system is set up so that if you break in one of the bodies, then a problem in all the rest, and as the system of ring, then when the disease is present, the deal, which authority was struck by is primary and what is secondary, i.e., as a result of the defeat of the first, it is very difficult.

In addition, gross functional changes in the reproductive system can be the result of violations of functions and other endocrine glands the adrenal glands, thyroid, pancreas, as well as the result of many severe diseases, unfavourable environmental and occupational factors.

Does playing the role of genetic factors?
Yes. May be congenital chromosomal abnormalities, when, instead of the typical female set of 46 chromosomes XX there is a "sexless" 45 HO male or 46, XY. The result of these changes can be underdevelopment or abnormal development of the female genital organs, in the first place of the ovaries, as well as underdevelopment of secondary sexual characteristics and the lack of menstruation - primary amenorrhea.

Can the improper development of the genital organs (abnormalities) affect the menstrual function?

The following anomalies or malformations of the genitals can affect the nature of the menstrual cycle:
- absence of ovaries (no menstruation, secondary sexual characteristics are underdeveloped);
- absence of the vagina or full wall of the vagina (no menstruation, secondary sexual attributes are well developed; it is possible to treatment);
- absence of the cervix or uterus (no menstruation, secondary sexual attributes are well developed; it is possible to treatment).

What should remember the parents of a girl?
- Timely start date milf 9-14 years old.
- Menstruation should be within 1.5-2 years.
- In the absence of a milf in 15-16 years it is necessary to consult a physician.
- At the monthly cyclic pain in the lower abdomen and back of varying intensity and the absence of menstrual should also consult a doctor.

What he is talking about the allocation of milk from the milk glands?
There is the hormone prolactin, which is responsible for the preparation of the chest to the lactation and the emergence of human milk after childbirth. Outside of pregnancy and childbirth in the body is present only a small amount of this hormone. However, in many diseases and conditions of the production of prolactin can dramatically increase, which is accompanied by the emergence of the women outside of pregnancy and childbirth colostrum or even milk in decent amounts (galactorrhea), and in some cases amenorrhea occurs.

The most frequent causes of excess education prolactin (hyperprolactinemia) are stress, reception of various drugs, hunger, insomnia, etc. The elimination of these reasons lead to the restoration of the menstrual cycle and the disappearance of galactorrhea.

However, in some cases, the cause of hyperprolactinemia, amenorrhea and galactorrhea are serious diseases, for example, a brain tumor. They are most often benign and respond well to drugs or radiation treatment. In some cases it is necessary to resort to surgical removal of the tumor.
In any case, with the appearance of discharge from breast is necessary to address to the doctor.

When should consider that menstruation flows as uterine bleeding?
- The number of days milf more than 7-8.
- Blood is released with clots or stream, which leads to weakness, malaise, pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, reducing blood pressure.

What distinguish between types of bleeding?
The cyclic and acyclic:
- cyclic - excessive bleeding, which arise in the days of the milf,
- acyclic bleeding occur at any time and can be very long weeks and even months.

What are the main causes of cyclical bleeding?
- Myoma (swelling) of the uterus.
- Endometriosis of the uterus.
- Inflammation of the endometrium or endometritis.
- Diseases of the blood, accompanied by decrease in its ability to clot.

What are the main causes of acyclic bleeding?
- Hyperplasia or polyps of the endometrium.
- Hormonal disorders, characterized by a lack of progesterone and increased levels of estrogen.
- Violated (cervical or ectopic) pregnancy.
- Malignant tumors of the cervix or the endometrium. Sometimes it can be a combination of the following reasons.

How to deal with bleeding?
Be sure and as soon as possible to address to the doctor, because:
- Prolonged, even scanty bleeding suffer vital organs (brain, heart, and may be irreversible changes.
- Some of the conditions associated with the blood issue, for example, ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage, dangerous for life!
"Sometimes bleeding is the first symptom of tumors, including malignant, when necessary as much as possible early diagnosis and treatment.

What are the main methods for determining the causes of hemorrhage?
- Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.
- Diagnostic scraping mucous membrane of the uterus.
- Hysteroscopy, in which the wall of the uterus can be viewed with the help of a special device.
- Histology scrape the endometrium.
- Study of the blood coagulation system.
Tests to determine pregnancy, etc.
- Hormonal diagnostics.

Which doctor should I contact if there is a violation of the menstrual cycle

• Endocrinologist
• Gynaecologist

Are you experiencing violation of the menstrual cycle? You want to know more detailed information, or you need an inspection? Please sign up on reception to the doctor! Doctors will examine you, examine the external signs and help to determine the disease the symptoms, they will consult you and provide the necessary assistance. You can also call the doctor on the house.

Do you feel disrupted menstrual cycle? You should be very careful approach to your health in general. People pay not enough attention to the symptoms of the disease and don't realize that these diseases can be critically dangerous. There are many diseases that in the beginning didn't manifest in our body, but in the end it turns out, unfortunately, it have already been treated too late. Every disease has its own specific features typical symptoms - called symptoms of the disease. Definition of symptoms is the first step in the diagnosis of diseases in general. You just need a few times a year to be screened by a doctor, not only to prevent a terrible disease, but also to maintain a healthy spirit in a body and the organism in general.

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Map of the symptoms and the types of disorders is intended solely for educational purposes. We strongly recommend do NOT self-medicate; on all matters relating to the definition of the disease and ways of its treatment, contact your doctor. Md-tips is not responsible for the consequences of use information posted on the site.