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Symptoms of disease - violation of the metabolic

Metabolism (from Greek μεταβολή, «transformation, change»), metabolism - a complete process of transformation of chemical substances in the body, ensuring its growth, development, activities and life in General.

In a living organism constantly consumes energy, and not only during physical or intellectual work, but also for full rest (sleep).

Metabolism is a complex of biochemical and energy processes, ensuring the use of nutrients for the needs of the body and its needs in the plastic and energy substances.

A metabolic disorder may occur with changes in the thyroid, pituitary, adrenal gland, sexual glands and in General starvation. He is disturbed and unhealthy diet is excessive, insufficient or qualitatively inadequate. In these cases, is a failure in the fine regulation of the metabolism of the nervous system. This changes the tone of the individual centers of the brain, and, most likely, specifically the hypothalamus. That he governs and the rate of energy production and construction, storage processes in the body.

Which diseases there is violation of the metabolic

Most often metabolic violation of the terms of his lipid and fatty component, when fats are no longer normally be processed in the liver. Fats, namely cholesterol and low density lipoprotein in the blood is much more than necessary, and he begin to lay in a stock, and also works on the defeat of vessels, which eventually lead to heart disease and strokes. And if more fats in large numbers come from the food, it is gradually becoming more complicated. Those of them, which we get from the large quantities of meat and dairy products, suppresses the immune system and other vital metabolic processes.

For human unnaturally consume so much fat, as it is done now, he only needs the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids class omega-3, which are contained in vegetable oils, walnuts, Flaxseed, rep, oils of marine fish species. The best product of the same was and remains olive oil, whose action on the metabolism in an organism completely neutral. Instead, we tens of times more absorb oils from the group of omega-6 (corn, sunflower), and solid saturated fat, and that leads to the violation of metabolism in the form of activation of the enzyme Delta-6-desaturase and development of harmful prostaglandins and harmful hormones. And they have, in turn, cause problems, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, the development of thrombosis, allergies, asthma and arthritis, disturbance of microcirculation of blood and blood pressure rise, up to an excess of insulin.

Therefore, we need to achieve the most favorable for the health of the ratio in the diet of the essential fatty acids omega-3 and omega-6, which lies between 1:1 - 1:4, in order for the body to synthesize balanced prostaglandins, and the natural hormonal cascade is not blocked.

The normalization of the power as a whole will be the Central point of the treatment of metabolic disorders. It is assumed diet with restriction of the use of animal fats, an increase in content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the total caloric restriction. Such a diet, observed in the course of many years, as a result of the serious scientific researches, leads to a lower level of harmful cholesterol type of cholesterol, and in the far forecast reduces the frequency of myocardial infarction.

Metabolic violation of the possible in case of any disease of breach of any of the numerous chemical processes involved in the metabolism in the body. A variety of pathological manifestations include changes the speed of growth, heat production, provide energy for muscle activity and energy security of the vital functions of the organism. It is known, however, a large number of the so-called diseases of the metabolism, or diseases of the metabolism, the reason of which is a specific violation of it; below describes only the most important of them.

Gierke disease. This is an innate metabolic violation, characterized by the accumulation of excess glycogen in the tissues of the body. It is connected with deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase, which is necessary for the disintegration of glycogen in virtue of which he accumulates in the tissues. The disease usually manifests itself in the infancy of retarded growth, protrusion belly of the increase in the sizes of a liver and a reduction in the level of sugar in the blood. The only means of treatment - diet; it is recommended that frequent feeding and adding to the diet of glucose. With age, the child's condition is gradually improving.

Phenylketonuria is an inherited a delay of mental development, caused by the failure of a single enzyme - phenylalanine, necessary for the transformation of the amino acid phenylalanine, in another amino acid - tyrosine. The cumulative phenylalanine has a toxic effect on the tissue of the brain. The disease was first described in 1934 A.Fehling. It occurs with a frequency of 1 to 20 000 newborns, regardless of sex, the most common among Europeans.

Newborns look healthy, but at the age of three to four months they will begin to manifest retardation in mental development. In 2-3 years the children's well developed physically, but mentally lagging behind. Since the violation of the mental development of a cure for that, it is extremely important early diagnosis; in the absence of treatment rate of intellectual development (IQ) for every 10 weeks is reduced by 5 points. Phenylketonuria can be found already in the first day of life on the results of the analysis of the blood or urine of the newborn.

The only way of treatment is diet. Since all the usual protein foods contain phenylalanine (in a number of 4-6%), it is necessary to use deprived of this amino acid synthetic products.

Albinism. In the normal metabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine (both amino acids linked together in the exchange), a black skin pigment melanin. Congenital absence of the pigment in the eyes, skin and hair in persons with albinism due to the failure of one of the enzymes of a metabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine.

Homogentisuria. This disease is caused by a genetically caused by a deficiency of the enzyme involved in the metabolism of homogentisic acid - intermediate metabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine. Cumulative homogentisic acid excreted in the urine, giving it a black or brown color. In a later age in the connective tissue and cartilage is delayed bluish-black pigment and developing arthritis. As the treatment is prescribed a diet, which excludes the consumption of phenylalanine and tyrosine.

Hypercholesterolemia. The inability of the body to destroy cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (of which he is mostly) leads to the accumulation of cholesterol in the tissues of the excessively high its level in the blood. A condition in which cholesterol is deposited in the subcutaneous tissues, called xanthomatosis.

Cholesterol deposits in the walls of blood vessels cause atherosclerosis. When hypercholesterolemia, it is also possible enlargement of the spleen, liver, or lymph nodes. For the treatment and prevention of use of the diet.

Gout. Gout and gouty arthritis - chronic diseases, caused by violation of the exchange of endogenous (produced in the body) of uric acid; salts thereof (Urata) are deposited mainly in cartilage, especially in the joint, and in the kidneys, causing painful inflammatory edema. The accumulation of urates can be prevented through diet. To mitigate the pain used special means.

Violation of the endocrine functions. Many metabolic processes directly controlled by hormones. Therefore, dysfunction of endocrine glands can also lead to violations of metabolism.

A great influence on the metabolism renders and the image of human life, the nature of his power, a balanced diet, the duration of sleep, the frequency of stressful situations faced by the people, physical activity.

A metabolic disorder can be caused by many reasons. Already these failures in the work of the endocrine and nervous systems play a fundamental role, on the second place there is the process of synthesising enzymes and immune proteins. Unbalanced, poor nutrition with a low concentration of microelements, vitamins and amino acids required by the body also leads to a metabolic disturbance. At constant intakes of large quantities of food, far exceeding its energy needs, the metabolism starts to slow down, there are failures in its work.

Under constant stress situations, especially in the period of long depression starts imbalance metabolism, which leads to a further, more serious violations. It is in such situations, there is a tendency to «galling» problems, which subsequently fixed by the body and is included in the rate.

Metabolic violation of provokes the emergence of a large number of diseases: obesity, diabetes, gout, hypothyroidism, diffuse goiter, etc.

Most of these diseases requires serious and long-term treatment with the use of drugs for a long period.

If the same metabolic violation of more concerned with the aesthetic point of view, i.e. only because of excess weight, the solution to this problem can be the use of special program to accelerate the metabolism. This program includes many of the spectra of human life and should be respected as long as possible.

First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to food. It should be frequent and fractional. This will suppress the outbreak of uncontrollable hunger, which often lead to overeating. This reduces the volume of consumed at a time of food, which in turn leads to the reduction of the volume of the stomach, as well as a decrease in appetite.

In the program of the correction of metabolism must include sports, which will allow to increase muscle mass, improve the power consumption of the organism and in a balanced diet, will allow to begin the process of utilization of previously accumulated fats.

For the normalization of metabolism plays an important role a long and deep sleep. The correct mode of sleep must be observed strictly, since it will help speed up the metabolic processes in the body, helping to develop in the body of growth hormone. And because the growth hormone is directly related to the high level of metabolism in the body.

Which doctor should I contact if there is a violation of the metabolic

• Endocrinologist
• Geneticist
• Dietician

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Do you feel disrupted metabolic? You should be very careful approach to your health in general. People pay not enough attention to the symptoms of the disease and don't realize that these diseases can be critically dangerous. There are many diseases that in the beginning didn't manifest in our body, but in the end it turns out, unfortunately, it have already been treated too late. Every disease has its own specific features typical symptoms - called symptoms of the disease. Definition of symptoms is the first step in the diagnosis of diseases in general. You just need a few times a year to be screened by a doctor, not only to prevent a terrible disease, but also to maintain a healthy spirit in a body and the organism in general.

Disorders by category

Disorders by alphabet

Map of the symptoms and the types of disorders is intended solely for educational purposes. We strongly recommend do NOT self-medicate; on all matters relating to the definition of the disease and ways of its treatment, contact your doctor. Md-tips is not responsible for the consequences of use information posted on the site.