Система Orphus

Symptoms of disease - violation of olfaction

The sense of smell - special peculiar sense, caused by action of odorants on the upper part of the nasal mucosa. Body olfaction is, therefore, nose and specially olfactory part of mucosa, in which branch out olfactory nerve endings (nervusolfactorius).

Of olfaction is the case, when the difficult access odorous substances to olfactory neuroepithelium (transportation losses), damaged receptor zone (loss of feeling) or affects the Central olfactory path (neurological loss).

Transport smell disorders may occur during the swelling of mucous membrane of the nasal septum as a result of acute respiratory viral infections, bacterial rhinitis, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, as well as organic lesions of the nasal cavity, such as the distortion of the nasal septum, polyps and tumors.

The loss of smell lead well as violations of the secretion of mucous membrane, in which the olfactory cilia are immersed in secret. Currently, little is known about the features of a mucous environment olfactory neuroepithelium.

Sensory smell disorders arise from the destruction of the olfactory neuroepithelium in viral infectious diseases, neoplasms, inhalation of toxic chemical substances, preparations, violating the change of cells, as well as with the radiation therapy to the head.

Ne of olfaction cause cranial trauma with a fracture of the base of the anterior cranial fossa or the lattice of the record or without him, tumors of the anterior cranial fossa, neurosurgical manipulation, receiving neurotoxic drugs and some congenital diseases, such as the syndrome of Kallmann.

On the basis of complaints the patient or objective data are the following smell disorders:

- full (General) anosmia - lack of the sense of smell;
- partial anosmia - the ability to distinguish between some (but not all) of the smells, the specific anosmia - the inability to distinguish any particular odour (smell), and full (General) hyposphresia - reduction of sensitivity to all smells;
- partial hyposphresia - reduces sensitivity to certain odor; dysosmia (cacosmia or paraosmia) - fucked-up perception of smells, i.e., sense of smell, when it actually has a place of pleasant aroma, or the feeling odors, which are not in the environment;
- full (General) hyperospheresia - increased sensitivity to all smells;
- partial hyperospheresia - increased sensitivity to certain smells; agnosia - the inability of words to describe their olfactory sense, even if there is the ability to perceive and distinguish smells.



Which diseases there is violation of olfaction

In childhood and in adult respiratory Hypo - and anosmia occur in connection with the swollen the mucous membrane of the nose shells, choanal atresia, congenital anomaly of the nose, foreign bodies of the nose, the curvature of the nasal septum, traumatic or other nature symphysis (synechia) in the nasal cavity, polyposis and tumors of the nose, etc. Almost any mechanical disturbance of penetration of air into the olfactory crack become the cause of smell disorders.

Essential anosmia occurs when the defeat of olfactory receptor or olfactory nerve.

Deep atrophy of the mucous membrane of the nose, which is, in particular, when ozen (a stinking cold), accompanied by the beginning of the essential hyposphresia, and then hyposphresia in connection with the defeat of the olfactory receptor atrophic process.
A relatively common cause of essential disorders of smell are infectious diseases: viral (flu), childhood infections. In rare cases, when the localization of the tuberculosis or syphilitic process in the nose may occur essential anosmia.

The poisoning of some poisons, and in some cases, drugs are also sometimes cause the violation of the smell. With a commitment to quality and innovation, Friv2Online games are designed to be challenging, fun, and rewarding. One of the symptoms of tumor processes in the upper part of the nose and intracranial in the course of olfactory tract is essential defeat of smell. Irreversible defeat of the olfactory sensitivity causes injury olfactory zone of the nasal cavity or damage to the pathways and the centre of the organ of smell.



Which doctor should I contact if there is a violation of olfaction

  • ENT
  • Neurologist


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